前言

現在知乎允許上傳視頻，奈何不能下載視頻，好氣哦，無奈之下研究一下了，然后擼了代碼，方便下載視頻保存。

接下來以 貓為什么一點也不怕蛇？ 回答為例，分享一下整個下載過程。

調試一下

打開 F12, 找到光標，如下圖：

然后將光標移動到視頻上。如下圖：

咦這是什么？視野中出現了一條神秘的鏈接: https://www.zhihu.com/video/xxxxx，讓我們將這條鏈接復制到瀏覽器上，然后打開：

似乎這就是我們要找的視頻，不要著急，讓我們看一看，網頁的請求，然后你會發現一個很有意思的請求(重點來了):

讓我們自己看一下數據吧:

{'playlist': {'ld': {'width': 360,'format': 'mp4','play_url': 'https://vdn.vzuu.com/LD/05fc411e-d8e0-11e8-bb8b-0242ac112a0b.mp4?auth_key=1541477643-0-0-987c2c504d14ab1165ce2ed47759d927&expiration=1541477643&disable_local_cache=1','duration': 17,'size': 1123111,'bitrate': 509,'height': 640},'hd': {'width': 720,'format': 'mp4','play_url': 'https://vdn.vzuu.com/HD/05fc411e-d8e0-11e8-bb8b-0242ac112a0b.mp4?auth_key=1541477643-0-0-8b8024a22a62f097ca31b8b06b7233a1&expiration=1541477643&disable_local_cache=1','duration': 17,'size': 4354364,'bitrate': 1974,'height': 1280},'sd': {'width': 480,'format': 'mp4','play_url': 'https://vdn.vzuu.com/SD/05fc411e-d8e0-11e8-bb8b-0242ac112a0b.mp4?auth_key=1541477643-0-0-5948c2562d817218c9a9fc41abad1df8&expiration=1541477643&disable_local_cache=1','duration': 17,'size': 1920976,'bitrate': 871,'height': 848}},'title': '','duration': 17,'cover_info': {'width': 720,'thumbnail': 'https://pic2.zhimg.com/80/v2-97b9435a0c32d01c7c931bd00120327d_b.jpg','height': 1280},'type': 'video','id': '1039146361396174848','misc_info': {}}

沒錯了，我們要下載的視頻就在這里面，其中 ld 代表普清,sd 代表標清, hd 代表高清，把相應鏈接再次在瀏覽器打開，然后右鍵保存就可以下載視頻了。

代碼

知道整個流程是什么樣子，接下來擼代碼的過程就簡單了，這里就不過再做過多解釋了，直接上代碼:

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-import reimport requestsimport uuidimport datetimeclass DownloadVideo: __slots__ = [ ’url’, ’video_name’, ’url_format’, ’download_url’, ’video_number’, ’video_api’, ’clarity_list’, ’clarity’ ] def __init__(self, url, clarity=’ld’, video_name=None): self.url = url self.video_name = video_name self.url_format = 'https://www.zhihu.com/question/d+/answer/d+' self.clarity = clarity self.clarity_list = [’ld’, ’sd’, ’hd’] self.video_api = ’https://lens.zhihu.com/api/videos’ def check_url_format(self): pattern = re.compile(self.url_format) matches = re.match(pattern, self.url) if matches is None: raise ValueError('鏈接格式應符合:https://www.zhihu.com/question/{number}/answer/{number}' ) return True def get_video_number(self): try: headers = {’User-Agent’:’Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/66.0.3359.181 Safari/537.36’ } response = requests.get(self.url, headers=headers) response.encoding = ’utf-8’ html = response.text video_ids = re.findall(r’data-lens-id='(d+)'’, html) if video_ids:video_id_list = list(set([video_id for video_id in video_ids]))self.video_number = video_id_list[0]return self raise ValueError('獲取視頻編號異常:{}'.format(self.url)) except Exception as e: raise Exception(e) def get_video_url_by_number(self): url = '{}/{}'.format(self.video_api, self.video_number) headers = {} headers[’Referer’] = ’https://v.vzuu.com/video/{}’.format( self.video_number) headers[’Origin’] = ’https://v.vzuu.com’ headers[ ’User-Agent’] = ’Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.67 Safari/537.36’ headers[’Content-Type’] = ’application/json’ try: response = requests.get(url, headers=headers) response_dict = response.json() if self.clarity in response_dict[’playlist’]:self.download_url = response_dict[’playlist’][ self.clarity][’play_url’] else:for clarity in self.clarity_list: if clarity in response_dict[’playlist’]: self.download_url = response_dict[’playlist’][ self.clarity][’play_url’] break return self except Exception as e: raise Exception(e) def get_video_by_video_url(self): response = requests.get(self.download_url) datetime_str = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S') if self.video_name is not None: video_name = '{}-{}.mp4'.format(self.video_name, datetime_str) else: video_name = '{}-{}.mp4'.format(str(uuid.uuid1()), datetime_str) path = '{}'.format(video_name) with open(path, ’wb’) as f: f.write(response.content) def download_video(self): if self.clarity not in self.clarity_list: raise ValueError('清晰度參數異常,僅支持:ld(普清),sd(標清),hd(高清)') if self.check_url_format(): return self.get_video_number().get_video_url_by_number().get_video_by_video_url()if __name__ == ’__main__’: a = DownloadVideo(’https://www.zhihu.com/question/53031925/answer/524158069’) print(a.download_video())

結語

代碼還有優化空間，這里面我只是下載了回答中的第一個視頻，理論上應該存在一個回答下可以有多個視頻的。如果還有什么疑問或者建議，可以多多交流。

以上就是python 抓取知乎指定回答下視頻的方法的詳細內容，更多關于python 抓取視頻的資料請關注好吧啦網其它相關文章！