棧（Stack）是一種運(yùn)算受限的線性表。

按照先進(jìn)后出(FILO，F(xiàn)irst In Last Out)的原則存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)，先進(jìn)入的數(shù)據(jù)被壓入棧底，最后的數(shù)據(jù)在棧頂。棧只能在一端進(jìn)行插入和刪除操作。

文章內(nèi)容包含：

（1）棧的基本格式（2）壓棧 push_stack（3）出棧 pop_stack（4）取棧頂 peek_stack

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = size #棧空間大小self.top = -1 #棧中進(jìn)入一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù) top 加 1self.stack = [] def display_stack(self):#棧stack的打印print(self.stack)if __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) #設(shè)定棧空間 stack.display_stack() #打印棧數(shù)據(jù)二、進(jìn)棧與壓棧 push_stack

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] #進(jìn)棧數(shù)據(jù)列表 def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: #當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)量大于設(shè)置的空間，則棧溢出 print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data) #沒(méi)有棧溢出就將數(shù)據(jù)追加到列表中self.top += 1 #棧中每增加一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)就加 1if __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.push_stack(5) #stack空間是 5，這里進(jìn)棧數(shù)據(jù)時(shí) 6 個(gè)，即提示棧溢出stack over flow！ stack.display_stack()

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] #進(jìn)棧數(shù)據(jù)列表 def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data)self.top += 1 def pop_stack(self):if self.top <= -1: #當(dāng)top小于等于初始值 -1 時(shí)說(shuō)明stack數(shù)據(jù)列表為空 print('stack is empty!') returnret = self.stack.pop() #stack數(shù)據(jù)列表不為空就取出最后進(jìn)的值，列表數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)量就少一個(gè)self.top -= 1 return retif __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.display_stack() #進(jìn)棧數(shù)據(jù)有 5 個(gè)，出棧函數(shù)調(diào)用了 6 次，就出現(xiàn)了提示stack is empty! ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack()

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data) self.top += 1 def peek_stack(self):if self.top == -1: #當(dāng)棧內(nèi)沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)時(shí) 提示 stack is empty! print('stack is empty!') returnpeek = self.stack[self.top] #棧不為空時(shí)，將棧頂?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)提取出來(lái)return peekif __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.push_stack(5) stack.display_stack() peek = stack.peek_stack() print(peek)

執(zhí)行結(jié)果：

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