區(qū)別

1.使用范圍和規(guī)范不同

filter是servlet規(guī)范規(guī)定的,只能用在web程序中.

攔截器即可以用在web程序中, 也可以用于application, swing程序中, 是Spring容器內(nèi)的, 是Spring框架支持的

2.觸發(fā)時(shí)機(jī)不同

順序: Filter-->Servlet-->Interceptor-->Controller

過濾器是在請(qǐng)求進(jìn)入容器后，但請(qǐng)求進(jìn)入servlet之前進(jìn)行預(yù)處理的。請(qǐng)求結(jié)束返回也是，是在servlet處理完后，返回給前端之前過濾器處理。 攔截器是方法到達(dá)Controller層之前生效的

3.過濾器的實(shí)現(xiàn)基于回調(diào)函數(shù)。而攔截器（代理模式）的實(shí)現(xiàn)基于反射，代理分靜態(tài)代理和動(dòng)態(tài)代理，動(dòng)態(tài)代理是攔截器的簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)現(xiàn)。

何時(shí)使用攔截器？何時(shí)使用過濾器？

如果是非spring項(xiàng)目，那么攔截器不能用，只能使用過濾器。 如果是處理controller前后，既可以使用攔截器也可以使用過濾器。 如果是處理dispaterServlet前后，只能使用過濾器。

4.在action的生命周期中，攔截器可以多次被調(diào)用，而過濾器只能在容器初始化時(shí)被調(diào)用一次。

5.攔截器可以訪問action上下文、值棧里的對(duì)象，而過濾器不能訪問。

6.攔截器只能對(duì)action請(qǐng)求起作用，而過濾器則可以對(duì)幾乎所有的請(qǐng)求起作用。

7.攔截器可以獲取IOC容器中的各個(gè)bean，而過濾器就不行，在攔截器里注入一個(gè)service，可以調(diào)用業(yè)務(wù)邏輯。

SpringBoot使用過濾器

兩種方式：

1、使用spring boot提供的FilterRegistrationBean注冊(cè)Filter

2、使用原生servlet注解定義Filter

兩種方式的本質(zhì)都是一樣的，都是去FilterRegistrationBean注冊(cè)自定義Filter

封裝Filter

package com.theeternity.common.baseFilter;import javax.servlet.Filter;/** * @program: ApiBoot * @description: 封裝Filter * @author: TheEternity Zhang * @create: 2019-02-17 13:08 */public interface MappingFilter extends Filter { String[] addUrlPatterns(); int order();}

自定義Filter

package com.theeternity.beans.filterConfig;import com.theeternity.common.baseFilter.MappingFilter;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;import java.io.IOException;/** * @program: ApiBoot * @description: 權(quán)限過濾器 * @author: TheEternity Zhang * @create: 2019-02-17 13:14 */public class AuthFilter implements MappingFilter { @Override public String[] addUrlPatterns() { return new String[]{'/*'}; } @Override public int order() { return 0; } @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse); } @Override public void destroy() { }}

注冊(cè)過濾器

package com.theeternity.beans.filterConfig;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;/** * @program: ApiBoot * @description: 注冊(cè)過濾器 * @author: TheEternity Zhang * @create: 2019-02-17 13:10 */@Configurationpublic class FilterConfig { @Bean public FilterRegistrationBean registFilter() { FilterRegistrationBean registration = new FilterRegistrationBean(); AuthFilter authFilter=new AuthFilter(); registration.setFilter(authFilter); registration.addUrlPatterns(authFilter.addUrlPatterns()); registration.setOrder(authFilter.order()); registration.setName('AuthFilter'); return registration; }}

SpringBoot使用攔截器

封裝Interceptor

package com.theeternity.common.baseInterceptor;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;/** * @program: ApiBoot * @description: 封裝Interceptor * @author: TheEternity Zhang * @create: 2019-02-15 17:49 */public interface MappingInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptor { String[] addPathPatterns(); String[] excludePathPatterns(); int order();}

自定義Interceptor

package com.theeternity.beans.interceptorConfig;import com.theeternity.common.baseInterceptor.MappingInterceptor;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/** * @program: BoxApi * @description: 跨域攔截器 * @author: tonyzhang * @create: 2018-12-21 14:44 */@Componentpublic class CrossOriginInterceptor implements MappingInterceptor { @Override public String[] addPathPatterns() { return new String[]{'/**'}; } @Override public String[] excludePathPatterns() { return new String[0]; } @Override public int order() { return 0; } @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { logger.info('允許的頭信息'+request.getHeader('Origin')); response.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*'); response.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', '*'); response.setHeader('Access-Control-Max-Age', '3600'); response.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Origin, X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Accept'); //是否允許瀏覽器攜帶用戶身份信息（cookie） response.setHeader('Access-Control-Allow-Credentials','true'); return true; } @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { } @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,Exception ex) throws Exception { }}

注冊(cè)Interceptor

package com.theeternity.beans.interceptorConfig;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;/** * @program: ApiBoot * @description: 攔截器注冊(cè) * @author: TheEternity Zhang * @create: 2019-02-15 17:55 */@Configurationpublic class InterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Autowired private CrossOriginInterceptor crossOriginInterceptor; @Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(crossOriginInterceptor).addPathPatterns(crossOriginInterceptor.addPathPatterns()); }}

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