我就廢話不多說啦，大家還是直接看代碼吧！

import requests,randomfrom lxml import etreeimport threadingimport timeangents = [ 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20', 'Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52',]def get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num): xici_urls = [] for num in range(start_num,len(stop_num)+1): xici_http_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ xici_http_url += str(num) xici_urls.append(xici_http_url) print(’獲取所有待爬取xici url 已完成...’) return xici_urlsdef get_all_http_ip(xici_http_url,headers,proxies_list): try: all_ip_xpath = ’//table//tr/child::*[2]/text()’ all_prot_xpath = ’//table//tr/child::*[3]/text()’ response = requests.get(url=xici_http_url,headers=headers) html_tree = etree.HTML(response.text) ip_list = html_tree.xpath(all_ip_xpath) port_list = html_tree.xpath(all_prot_xpath) # print(ip_list) # print(prot_list) new_proxies_list = [] for index in range(1,len(ip_list)): # print(’http://{}:{}’.format(ip_list[index],port_list[index])) proxies_dict = {} proxies_dict[’http’] = ’http://{}:{}’.format(str(ip_list[index]),str(port_list[index])) new_proxies_list.append(proxies_dict) proxies_list += new_proxies_list return proxies_list except Exception as e: print(’發(fā)生了錯(cuò)誤：url為 ’,xici_http_url,’錯(cuò)誤為 ’,e)if __name__ == ’__main__’: start_num = int(input(’請(qǐng)輸入起始頁(yè)面：’).strip()) stop_num = int(input(’請(qǐng)輸入結(jié)束頁(yè)面：’).strip()) print(’開始爬取...’) t_list = [] # 容納需要使用的西刺代理ip proxies_list = [] # 使用多線程 xici_urls = get_all_xici_urls(start_num,stop_num) for xici_get_url in xici_urls: #隨機(jī)篩選一個(gè)useragent headers = {’User-Agent’: random.choice(angents)} t = threading.Thread(target=get_all_http_ip,args=(xici_get_url,headers,proxies_list)) t.start() t_list.append(t) for j in t_list: j.join() print(’所有需要的代理ip已爬取完成...’) print(proxies_list) print(len(proxies_list))

補(bǔ)充知識(shí)：python爬取xici的免費(fèi)代理、并驗(yàn)證(重點(diǎn)、清楚)

網(wǎng)上爬取xici的帖子很多，但是驗(yàn)證都說的不是很清楚，這里我會(huì)認(rèn)真給大家解釋

這里我寫了一個(gè)代理類proxy，寫了四個(gè)方法（個(gè)人寫法不必在意），get_user_agent（得到隨機(jī)use-agent,請(qǐng)求頭中最重要的一個(gè)）、get_proxy(爬取代理IP)、test_proxy(驗(yàn)證代理可用性）、store_txt(將可用的代理保存到txt文件中。

1.爬取：headers是請(qǐng)求頭，choice是可以選擇是爬取Http代理還是https代理，first、end為開始和結(jié)束的頁(yè)碼（結(jié)束不包含最后一頁(yè)）

def get_proxy(self, headers, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 獲取代理 :param choice: :param first: 開始爬取的頁(yè)數(shù) :param end: 結(jié)束爬取的后一頁(yè) :return: ''' ip_list = [] base_url = None# 選擇爬取的網(wǎng)站，一個(gè)是http、一個(gè)是https的 if choice == ’http’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ elif choice == ’https’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/’# 控制頁(yè)碼用正則匹配，并將爬取的IP和端口號(hào)用:鏈接 for n in range(first, end): actual_url = base_url + str(n) html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text pattern = ’(d+.d+.d+.d+)</td>s*<td>(d+)’ re_list = re.findall(pattern, html) for ip_port in re_list:ip_port = ip_port[0] + ’:’ + ip_port[1]ip_list.append(ip_port) return ip_list

2. 驗(yàn)證：網(wǎng)上大部分是用request直接請(qǐng)求一個(gè)網(wǎng)址看是否通過或者看狀態(tài)碼是否是200， 但是有一個(gè)問題是即使你設(shè)置了代理IP。可能會(huì)通過，但通過的不是用你設(shè)置的代理IP而是用你自己公網(wǎng)下的IP（大部分時(shí)候我們用ifconfig查詢的是我們所在局域網(wǎng)下的IP，及私網(wǎng)IP）。

linux下你可以用這些命令的其中任何一個(gè)查看你的公網(wǎng)IP：

curl icanhazip.comcurl ifconfig.mecurl curlmyip.comcurl ip.appspot.comcurl ipinfo.io/ipcurl ipecho.net/plaincurl www.trackip.net/i

注意：那這樣要怎么辦，其實(shí)我們可以向上述命令一樣先用你爬下的代理IP訪問 http://icanhazip.com/， 它可以返回你電腦發(fā)送請(qǐng)求時(shí)的公網(wǎng)IP（此時(shí)如果你設(shè)置代理IP了就會(huì)是返回你所發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的代理IP），然后你將它爬取下來(lái)（直接獲取返回的值的文本就可以了），并和你發(fā)送請(qǐng)求時(shí)的代理IP作比較，如果不相等說明此代理IP不能用，因?yàn)殡m然你設(shè)置了代理Ip，但是電腦在你代理IP請(qǐng)求不同的情況下，直接又使用了你公網(wǎng)的IP去請(qǐng)求，當(dāng)然成功了，但不代表你的代理IP可以用。如果相等，那就證明此網(wǎng)站就是你所用的代理IP訪問請(qǐng)求成功的，所以此IP可用。

def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice=’http’): ''' 測(cè)試代理是否能用 :param ip_port: :param choice: :return: ''' proxies = None # 這個(gè)網(wǎng)站可以返回你公網(wǎng)下的IP，如果你加代理請(qǐng)求后，返回的就是你代理的IP（這樣做是防止你雖然用的是代理IP，但實(shí)際是用你自己的公網(wǎng)IP訪問的請(qǐng)求） tar_url = 'http://icanhazip.com/' # 獲取隨機(jī)User-agent user_agent = self.get_user_agent() # 將user-agent放在headers中 headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} # 選擇驗(yàn)證的是http、還是https if choice == ’http’: proxies = {'http': 'http://'+ip_port, } elif choice == ’https’: proxies = {'https': 'https://' + ip_port, } try: # 將IP從IP和端口號(hào)連起來(lái)的分出來(lái) thisIP = ''.join(ip_port.split(':')[0:1]) res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8) # 爬取下來(lái)返回的值，一定要用strip去除空格 proxyIP = res.text.strip() # 三個(gè)狀態(tài)，如過直接通不過，那就返回false，如果通過但是不是代理的IP，也返回false if proxyIP == thisIP:return proxyIP else:return False except: return False

最后附上整段代碼：

import requestsimport reimport randomimport codecsfrom urllib import parse class proxy: ''' 代理類 ''' def __init__(self): pass def get_user_agent(self): ''' 得到隨機(jī)user-agent :return: ''' user_agents = [ 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20', 'Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1', 'Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10' ] user_agent = random.choice(user_agents) return user_agent def get_proxy(self, headers, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 獲取代理 :param choice: :param first: 開始爬取的頁(yè)數(shù) :param end: 結(jié)束爬取的后一頁(yè) :return: ''' ip_list = [] base_url = None if choice == ’http’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wt/’ elif choice == ’https’: base_url = ’http://www.xicidaili.com/wn/’ for n in range(first, end): actual_url = base_url + str(n) html = requests.get(url=actual_url, headers=headers).text pattern = ’(d+.d+.d+.d+)</td>s*<td>(d+)’ re_list = re.findall(pattern, html) for ip_port in re_list:ip_port = ip_port[0] + ’:’ + ip_port[1]ip_list.append(ip_port) return ip_list def test_proxy(self, ip_port, choice=’http’): ''' 測(cè)試代理是否能用 :param ip_port: :param choice: :return: ''' proxies = None # 這個(gè)網(wǎng)站可以返回你公網(wǎng)下的IP，如果你加代理請(qǐng)求后，返回的就是你代理的IP（這樣做是防止你雖然用的是代理IP，但實(shí)際是用你自己的公網(wǎng)IP訪問的請(qǐng)求） tar_url = 'http://icanhazip.com/' user_agent = self.get_user_agent() headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} if choice == ’http’: proxies = {'http': 'http://'+ip_port, } elif choice == ’https’: proxies = {'https': 'https://' + ip_port, } try: thisIP = ''.join(ip_port.split(':')[0:1]) res = requests.get(tar_url, proxies=proxies, headers=headers, timeout=8) proxyIP = res.text.strip() if proxyIP == thisIP:return proxyIP else:return False except: return False def store_txt(self, choice=’http’, first=1, end=2): ''' 將測(cè)試通過的ip_port保存為txt文件 :param choice: :param first: :param end: :return: ''' user_agent = self.get_user_agent() headers = {’User-Agent’: user_agent} ip_list = self.get_proxy(headers=headers, choice=choice, first=first, end=end) with codecs.open('Http_Agent.txt', ’a’, ’utf-8’) as file: for ip_port in ip_list:ip_port = self.test_proxy(ip_port, choice=choice)print(ip_port)if ip_port: file.write(’’’ + ip_port + '’n')

以上這篇Python使用requests xpath 并開啟多線程爬取西刺代理ip實(shí)例就是小編分享給大家的全部?jī)?nèi)容了，希望能給大家一個(gè)參考，也希望大家多多支持好吧啦網(wǎng)。